1851 Great Exhibition: Official Catalogue: Class V.: James Ward Hoby
614. HOBY, JAMES WARD, Renfrew, near Glasgow — Inventor and Manufacturer.
Patent system of permanent way for railways, comprising a length of 18 feet of single line, with double-headed rails, cast-iron longitudinal sleepers, folding keys, and cross ties.
A is the rail, and B the folding-key. The part C is a cast-iron piece, with a stirrup, or recess, cast through it, which holds the wrought-iron bearer, and receives in the stirrup a wrought-iron cross-bar, D, set on edge, for the purpose of securing the gauge and the tilt of the rails.
Two cast-iron longitudinal sleepers reversed, to show the mode of securing the tie-bar.
Specimen of the folding keys applied to an ordinary chair and double-headed rail.
Specimen of a wrought-iron sleeper, with cast iron folding keys, applied to a double-headed rail.