1862 London Exhibition: Catalogue: Class 7.: J. Harrison and Sons
1508. HARRISON, J., and SONS, Blackburn, Lancashire.
Looms and other weaving machinery for cotton, linen, etc.
WINDING MACHINE for winding cotton yarn from the cop on to spools or bobbins, commonly called "warper's bobbins," for the purpose of warping or beaming.
This machine has an arrangement on one side for winding cotton or linen yarn from "Throstle-bobbins" on to warpers' bobbins, and can be made of any number of spindles.
The spindles are arranged in such a manner that they are always kept on a level with each other.
The motion for shaping the bobbin is a very simple eccentric or "heart," by means of which the bobbin can be filled up in any form.
WARPING MACHINE, on Knowles and Blackburn's patent, to wind the yarn from the warpers' bobbins on to beams for the sizing or dressing machine.
This machine is made on an entirely new principle; the rollers run on centres instead of on bearers as heretofore, thereby greatly diminishing the tension on the yarn and in a very great measure obviating breakages, the production being increased in the same ratio as the breakages are lessened. It is also supplied with a letting-back motion, whereby when a thread is broken, the motion of the beam or roller is reversed, so that the thread may easily be found and reunited. There is also a self-acting measuring and stopping motion by means of which the machine is immediately stopped when the required length of yarn is wound on the beam.
The drum or cylinder on which the beam revolves, is made in such a manner that it may be expanded or contracted according to the width of beam required to be used. Among other improved appliances is Messrs. Knowles and Blackburn's patent expanding and contracting comb.
This improved machine is capable of working more delicate yarn, and yarns of lower qualities, than other machines of the kind, and will in this respect effect a considerable saving. It is also very applicable to silk.
SIZING MACHINE, commonly called SLASHER, for sizing, or dressing, and afterwards drying the warp preparatory to being woven.
In this machine the yarn is brought from the warpers' beams through the boiling size, and over drying cylinders, after which it is wound on the weavers' beam. The use of the heald mid reed is dispensed with, thus facilitating the management of the machine, and causing a saving of between 40 and 50 per cent. in the cost of labour. There is an arrangement for working the machine by friction, and for preventing any tension being put upon the yarn whilst in a wet state. Its elasticity is thus retained, and breakages in weaving almost altogether prevented, causing considerable increase in the production. By this arrangement coarse and fine yarns can be sized with equal facility, as also yarns of medium and low qualities.
There are syphon boxes for the purpose of condensing the steam as it comes from the drying cylinders; or they can be connected with the size box by means of steam pipes, and the exhaust steam from the cylinders introduced into the size box for the purpose of boiling the size. In this manner no steam is wasted. Safety valves, to regulate the pressure of the steam previous to its passing into the drying cylinders, and also a safety valve to "blow off" should the pressure of steam accidentally get too high. There is an arrangement for letting out any water that may accumulate in the cylinders.
The cylinders themselves are made on an improved principle, with an aperture or manhole in the end of each, covered by movable plates, which can easily be removed to allow the cylinders to be cleaned out or repaired, and can with equal facility be replaced. The joints of these plates are perfectly steam-tight, and the manner of their application rather adds to than detracts from* the strength of the cylinders.
Another arrangement of very great importance is that by means of which, simultaneously with the stoppage of the machine (at any time), the steam is shut off from the cylinders. The machine is also fitted up with Messrs. Knowles and Blackburn's patent expanding and contracting comb or rathe.
The production is about 100,000 yards of warp per week, or sufficient to supply at least 300 looms.
The machine can be made to dress warps suitable for any width of cloth.
Loom for weaving calicoes, shirtings, and printing cloths, also cambrics, jacconets, etc.; with self-acting temple to keep the cloth stretched to its full width whilst being woven. Self-acting positive taking-up motion for receiving or rolling-up the cloth.
The taking-up roller in this loom is composed of sheet-iron covered with composition. This roller always presents a perfectly level surface to the cloth, being on this account much superior to the ordinary wooden roller covered with emery, the disadvantage of which is, that it changes with the temperature—in damp weather becoming swollen, and in dry weather "warped" or crooked, causing great irregularity in the cloth.
This loom is also supplied with the weft stopping-motion, causing an instantaneous stoppage of the loom when the weft or shoot breaks or is absent. Metallic picking motion for propelling the shuttle. The advantages of this picking motion are greater durability and precision.
Patent treading motion, by means of which a saving of upwards of 25 per cent. in wear and tear of "healds" or "heddles" is effected, and which conserves in a superior degree the "nap" or "cover" of the cloth.
This loom is on the loose-reed principle, and capable of being worked at a speed of 350 to 400 "picks" per minute, being double the usual speed. It can also be arranged to weave twilled and fancy cloths.
Loom for weaving heavy domestics' twilled goods, and strong drills and tweeds. .
This loom is on the fast-reed principle. It combines all the advantages of the above loom, together with modifications and arrangements necessary for weaving strong goods. It has a cast-iron taking-up roller, fluted and chased, and a patent break; also an improved appliance for preventing strain on the warp threads when the weft is being "beaten up."
Loom to weave linens.
This loom combines many important improvements. It is supplied with patent self-acting positive letting-off motion, which delivers the warp as required by the taking-up motion for the cloth, which motion is also positive. These two motions work in concert, and with such precision, that the warp is delivered from the yarn beam with the same regularity when the beam is almost empty as when it is full.
The taking-up roller of this loom is covered with patent surfacing instead of emery. It is also supplied with the weft-stopping motion and other important appliances.
The yarns woven in this loom are spun by Messrs. Johnston and Carlisle, of Belfast.
In all these looms the cranks are made of one piece of iron, and bent by graduated pressure. The fibre of the iron by this process remains undisturbed, and renders the crank much stronger than when welded in the usual manner. The bend of the crank, which has heretofore been the weakest part, is now as strong as any other part of it.
Besides the above machines, J. Harrison and Sons, are makers of:—
KNITTING MACHINES on an improved principle, for knitting healds or heddles by power, by means of which a superior quality of heald is produced, with none of the irregularity which occurs in hand-made healds. Another important advantage in this machine is a saving of 50 per cent. in the cost of production.
FOLDING OR PLAITING AND MEASURING MACHINES by power, for measuring the cloth and laying it in folds after it comes from the loom, and previous to being put in bales or bundles.
This machine folds and measures the cloth with the greatest regularity and precision, and effects a very important saving in this department.
CLOTH PRESSES to press the cloth after it has been put into bundles.
DRUM WINDING MACHINES to wind cotton or linen yarns from the hank on to the warper's bobbins or spools.
WARPING MACHINES, specially adapted for linen yarns, with weighting motion, presser, etc.
DRESSING MACHINES on the Scotch principle, to dress and dry linen yarn, preparatory to being w oven; with circular or sweep brushes and fans, steam chests, and organ pipes for drying the yarn.
SPOOLING OR PIRNING MACHINES, to wind linen and cotton yarns from the hank or from the bobbin, on to pirns or spools for the shuttle.
Looms on an improved principle, to weave fustians, beverteens, etc. with Woodcroft's patent section tappets, positive taking-up motion, self-acting temples, and other improvements.
WINDING MACHINES, suitable for winding yarns for fustian warps, on the best principle.
WARPING MACHINES, for fustian yarns.
SIZING MACHINE, specially adapted for sizing or dressing fustian warps, combining the systems of the sizing machine, and the dressing machine on the Scotch principle, with all their advantages.
Looms to weave worsted goods, plain and ancy.
WARPING MACHINES, specially adapted for silk.
Looms to weave silk on the newest and most approved principle, with spring reed, etc.
J. Harrison and Sons also supply every accessory connected with the weaving of cotton, linen, etc.