Engineers and Mechanics Encyclopedia 1839: Railways: Mr. Massey of Liverpool
Mr. (John?) Massey, a watchmaker of Liverpool, took out a patent on the 23d April, 1836, for improvements in railway carriages, which merely consists in dividing the usual quadrangular framing of the carriage, across the middle, into two parts, making two smaller complete frames, and connecting the ends of these midway by a stout bolt, with a cotter-key, and washers, so as to enable the frame of the carriages to yield to the inequalities of level in the road, and not lift the wheels from their bearing on the rails.
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