Jonathan Jopling
1866: Developed an unusual system of outboard marine propulsion, comprising a form of centrifugal pump with its axis vertical. Only half of the pump was shrouded, the other half of the circumference of the casing being open. The casing could be rotated to change the direction of the vessel. Fitted to a small steam ferryboat on the River Wear. Described in 'The Engineer'[1]